椭圆柱绕流的理论研究

现有的椭圆柱绕流理论给出了椭圆柱周边流场分布示意图,但流场分布图的数学分析计算过程并不完善,给进一步研究椭圆柱绕流问题增加了难度。首先利用保角变换的方法求得攻角为零时的椭圆柱绕流复势,然后利用复变函数理论将椭圆柱绕流复势分离,得到了椭圆柱绕流的势函数和流函数,随后利用MATLAB软件绘制出了流线和等势线分布图,进而基于求得的绕流势函数和流函数,应用理想流体力学相关理论,讨论了椭圆柱面的流体压力分布规律。     

压杆材料对反射超压测量影响研究

用有限元方法对应变式压杆压力传感器系统进行研究,研究3种不同材料的压杆对应变式压杆压力传感器测试结果的影响;数值模拟了不同上升前沿的梯形脉冲及三角形脉冲条件下不同材料压杆的响应误差.研究结果表明,铍压杆对测试结果的影响最小,铝合金压杆影响最大;另外,脉冲上升前沿和测量位置对测试结果的影响也很大.模拟结果对压杆材料的选择有一定参考价值.     

初始压力对爆轰波在管道内传播的影响

建立爆轰管道研究不同初始压力下爆轰波在管道内传播规律.选用CH4+2O2气体,采用光纤探针测量爆轰波在管道内的传播速度,采用烟迹法记录爆轰波胞格结构.结果表明:爆轰波在管道内传播时出现5种不同传播模式,分别为稳态式、快速波动式、结巴式、驰振式与失效模式.在稳态传播模式下,爆轰波局部速度波动很小且平均速度接近理论爆轰CJ速度,并呈现多头胞格结构.随着初始压力的降低,爆轰波局部速度波动增加且其平均速度产生衰减.在驰振式爆轰解耦处,爆轰波胞格结构消失,过载爆轰时,重新形成胞格结构.进一步降低初始压力至爆轰失效时,则无胞格结构.     

激光诱导铅等离子体的自吸收时空分辨特性研究

利用一价铅离子谱线和原子谱线,在延迟时间0-360 ns内对铅等离子体自吸收的时空特性进行了研究.通过改变靶材距离及观察不同的延迟时间,发现铅等离子体不同的特征谱线的自吸收行为存在很大不同.从实验图像中可明显的看出,等离子体形成初期,铅离子和铅原子表现出不同的线型的变化.铅离子（220.26nm）出现了红移,而铅原子（280.20 nm）出现了蓝移.靶材距离焦点位置不同时,不同的特征谱线,不仅自吸收持续时间不同,而且自蚀最强点出现的时间点也不一样.所以在利用某特征谱线进行定量分析时,若选择合适的延迟时间和靶材位置,可有效地减小或削弱自吸收的影响.笔者还对铅等离子体不同特征谱线自吸收行为进行了解释.     

硫化锌精矿加压酸浸渣回收工艺及其环境影响分析

以硫化锌精矿加压酸浸渣为研究对象,系统的分析了加压酸浸渣浮选回收硫精矿,浮选尾矿经两段浸出、氧化除铁、锌粉置换和蒸发浓缩等工序回收七水硫酸锌的工艺过程,并分析了该过程产生的废气、废水、废渣和噪声等对周围环境的影响。     

三维SHPB装置设计及原理研究

针对一维SHPB实验设备无法进行三维预应力不等值情况下的冲击实验问题,在确保中国矿业大学(北京)原有一维SHPB实验装置中动力发射系统及子弹不改变的前提下,设计了可以进行对试件进行三维施压的正方形输入杆、输出杆、吸收杆及输入杆中与子弹接触部位由圆变方的过渡杆装置,采用应力波基础理论分析和数值模拟的方法,得到了过渡杆中的应力波传播规律,研究结果表明:应力波在圆变方扩散杆中传播时,由于强度吸收现象,过渡杆越长,波幅下降的程度就越低,当长度达到500 mm时,应力波在其中的弥散现象已经很小,能够满足整个实验系统的准度要求.      

Synthesis of Ta C and Ta_2C from tantalum and graphite in the laser-heated diamond anvil cell

The pressure dependence of the onset of the formation of Ta C and Ta2 C from the elements has been investigated by in situ X-ray diffraction and pyrometry.Ta C has been synthesized by the reaction of Ta and graphite at pressures between 8.6 and 14.3 GPa and at temperatures up to 2,300 K using a laser-heated diamond anvil cell. The products were characterized by X-ray diffraction. Ta and graphite begin to react around 1,100 K at ambient pressure conditions, and the reaction temperature increases with increasing pressure. A linear extrapolation of these data is consistent with recent observations of the formation of Ta C at 90 GPa and 3,600 K. We show that diffusion of carbon into tantalum significantly changes the lattice parameter of up to 2 % in the pressure range of up to19 GPa. In some experiments, Ta2 C was formed concomitantly. The experimentally determined bulk modulus of Ta2 C is B0;exp：= 286（5） GPa. Other tantalum carbide phases were not observed.     

Structural phase transition and metallization in compressed SrC_2

The structural, dynamical, and electronic properties of compressed Sr C2 were systematically investigated up to 200 GPa by using ab initio method. Three new phases are obtained by means of evolutionary algorithm. The confirmed most stable structure has C2/c symmetry at zero pressure, which transforms into an orthorhombic Cmcm phase at 4.5 GPa, followed by another orthorhombic Immm phase, which is stabilized at wide pressure range of 21.5–123.5 GPa, and then transformed into Mg B2-type phase（space group, P6/mmm）. Although Sr C2 has similar structural transformation to that of compressed Ca C2, Sr C2 holds small electron–phonon coupling,which leads to its low superconducting critical temperature（only 1.8 K）.     

Compression behavior of Sm）2Ti2O7-pyrochlore up to 50 GPa：single-crystal X-ray diffraction and density functional theory calculations

Single-crystal X-ray diffraction at pressures up to 50 GPa has been employed to study the compression behavior of Sm2Ti2O7-pyrochlore. In contrast to earlier reports, we observed no pressure-induced amorphization or pressure-induced anion disorder up to 50 GPa. The experimental study has been complemented by density functional theory-based calculations. A combination of the theoretical and experimental data yields a bulk modulus of 185 GPa, significantly higher than a value which had been reported earlier. In comparison to earlier work, the current study provides more reliable data due to the use of neon as a pressure medium, which provides a more hydrostatic pressure than the aluminum, which had been employed as a pressure medium in the earlier studies. An analysis of the compressibility of Al2B2O7 pyrochlores shows an approximately linear dependence of the bulk modulus on the unit cell volume.     

Microstructure and oxidation resistance of SiC–MoSi2 multi-phase coating for SiC coated C/C composites

In order to improve the anti-oxidation of C/C composites, a SiC–MoSi2multi-phase coating for SiC coated carbon/carbon composites(C/C)was prepared by low pressure chemical vapor deposition(LPCVD) using methyltrichlorosilane(MTS) as precursor, combined with slurry painting from MoSi2 powder. The phase composition and morphology were analyzed by scanning electron microscope(SEM) and X-ray diffraction(XRD) methods, and the deposition mechanism was discussed. The isothermal oxidation and thermal shock resistance were investigated in a furnace containing air environment at 1500 1C. The results show that the as-prepared SiC–MoSi2coating consists of MoSi2 particles as a dispersing phase and CVD–SiC as a continuous phase. The weight loss of the coated samples is 1.51% after oxidation at 1500 1C for 90 h, and 4.79% after 30 thermal cycles between 1500 1C and room temperature. The penetrable cracks and cavities in the coating served as the diffusion channel of oxygen, resulted in the oxidation of C/C composites, and led to the weight loss in oxidation.